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Whether menthol actually enhances the addictiveness of cigarettes remains open to debate,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], however. Several studies have found that quitting is very difficult regardless of what kind of cigarette a person smokes, and researchers haven’t been able to confirm that menthols have a different effect on the nervous system than non-menthol cigarettes.
However, some research has found that people who smoke menthols are more dependent on nicotine. Studies have shown that, compared to people who smoke regular cigarettes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], menthol smokers light up nearly twice as quickly after waking up in the morning and are also more likely to wake up at night to smoke. (Both are common measures of nicotine dependence.) Still, the evidence isn’t strong enough to prove definitively that menthols are more addictive than regular cigarettes, says Wackowski.
“We can’t say that menthol is more addictive,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],” Gardiner agrees. “The problem is that cigarettes kill you anyway, so trying to prove that one substance is doing more harm than another has proved to be not fruitful.” Analysts say the FDA will surely try to determine what factors are behind that trend. Lorillard, the No. 3 cigarette maker in America, and the two other major companies ― No. 1 Altria Group and No. 2 Reynolds American ― submitted their answers to a list of questions from the FDA committee last month.
The FDA could make its ruling later this month,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but analysts say a delay of 90 days or more is likely. A restriction or outright ban on menthol, say analysts,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], would be a big problem for Lorillard ― one of Greensboro’s top employers. The company built its plant here in 1955 and moved its headquarters from New York here in 1997. It’s the last vestige of a shrinking industry,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], along with Reynolds, that still flourishes in the Triad.
But FitchRatings analysts write that the FDA could see science in a different way: “The risk for tobacco companies lies in the FDA potentially choosing to give more weight to studies that find menthol cigarettes harmful for reasons of better data collection,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], better study methodology,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or other factors.”