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Gloor said Nebraska has come a long way in terms of clean air and better health with efforts to reduce smoking so far. In 2009, Nebraska went smoke free,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], with no smoking in bars and restaurants. A year earlier, the city of Grand Island implemented a similar citywide nonsmoking ban.
“We can still do more,” he said. “My proposed increase to $1.99 tax per pack on cigarettes, with a similar increase on other tobacco products, will help us take the next step in reducing heart disease, lung disease and cancers caused by smoking and tobacco use.” Gloor said his background as the former president/chief executive officer of St. Francis Medical Center motivated him to introduce the legislation.
Under his leadership, he said, St. Francis became the second hospital in Nebraska to ban tobacco use on its grounds. “My whole career has been about health and keeping people healthy,” he said. Although the proportion of government revenues from the tobacco industry has been falling – from 11.5 per cent in 1995 to 7.5 per cent last year – Yang says the decline mainly stems from the growth of other industries.
The absolute production value of the industry rose from 100 billion yuan in 1978 to 513.1 billion yuan last year,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and, she points out, “The economic cost arising from tobacco use has long been underestimated.” Citing the report to be released in January 2011, she argues the net contribution of tobacco to China’s economy is about minus 20 per cent.
That means the losses caused by smoking outweigh the taxes and profits it generates by about 20 per cent, says Yang. The calculation is backed by a study by the China Centre for Economic Research at Peking University,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Peking University’s People’s Hospital and the Department of Economics of Stockholm University in September 2008.
In 2005, tobacco caused direct medical costs of 166.6 billion yuan and indirect costs – in the forms of productivity loss, years of potential life lost,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and loss from fires and pollution – of 120.5 billion yuan, resulting in a total loss of 287 billion yuan,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 19.6 per cent more than the 240 billion yuan in taxes and profits the industry generated.
According to the National Tobacco Administration, there were 43,500 tobacco farmers in 2009. At an average of five members per household, the number of tobacco farmers and their families would thus total 217,500. Since modern cigarette manufacturing is almost completely mechanized, we imagine that the few million claimed to be tobacco industry workers belong to the marketing,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], distribution, and retail sectors,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and hence are not solely dependent on the industry for their livelihood. Where are the “millions” claimed by PATDA and PTGA?