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“While we haven’t got the full picture, what’s clear is that there are multiple types of smokers that we need to better understand,” says Saul Shiffman, a professor of psychology and pharmaceutical science at the University of Pittsburgh. As part of his research, Dr. Shiffman is equipping 200 daily and 200 nondaily smokers with personal-digital assistants to record their cravings, triggers and motivations.
For most smokers, the desire to smoke is a complex mix of physical addiction,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], behavorial conditioning and psychological factors,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], says Daniel F. Seidman, director of Smoking Cessation Services at Columbia University Medical Center and author of a new book, “Smoke-Free in 30 Days.” He notes that smoking just a few cigarettes a day can be even harder to give up than a heavier habit, since each one carries more reward. “I think it’s a trap―you’re never learning other ways to cope.” Here are some of the most common smoking triggers,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and suggestions for counteracting them. ? Social Smoking: Lighting up a cigarette may be taboo in many social circles now.
But in others, the negative image only adds to its allure. Smoking at parties, in bars that still permit it, on the golf course or in private gatherings can be a way for some people to fit in and project a certain image―something that tobacco companies long cultivated with ads showing smokers sharing glamorous or fun experiences. Some work environments also are known for heavy smoking habits. “Smoking is a huge part of the food industry. When the diners leave,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], that’s when the party starts for the workers,” says Jack Taconni,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], who owns a gourmet store and catering business in Scarsdale, N.Y.,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and recalls joining waiters, chefs and sous chefs sharing cigarette breaks out the back door of kitchens for years.
He finally quit with the help of a smoking-cessation drug three years ago. Tips: If smoking is a part of your social circle, try enlisting your friends to quit with you and get together in places where smoking is strictly prohibited. Try to cut down on alcohol, which frequently goes hand in hand with smoking. If you need the look and feel of a cigarette to fit in, try using a nicotine oral inhaler (a prescription device that looks like a plastic cigarette and contains a replaceable plug of nicotine) that can give you the illusion of smoking. But you may need to avoid heavy-smoking friends until you’ve broken the habit.