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Spiral bevel gear 20CrMnTi appear round the problem of bubbling

Test results (by mass) project CMnSiSPCrTi standard component of O. 17 ~ O. 230.8 ~ 1.1O. 17 ~ O-37 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.0351. O ~ l-30. O4 ~ O. 1O sample composition O-2OO. 9lO. 260.0220.0281.180.072.2 observe the microstructure and the appearance quality forged gear blanks of the same batch of raw stock l9 piece forging gear blanks for visual quality inspection, and testing of samples with gold furnace phase. Observed: the sample organizations, ferrite + pearlite. Grain size 6, and the organization is more homogeneous microstructure after normalizing are; on the sample microstructure and physical appearance of the inspection,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], confirmed that there is no heat, burning signs. 2.3 In order to further analysis of flaw detection, respectively selecting a rough turning,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], finish turning the gear has a magnetic particle and ultrasonic inspection to inspection. Found around the bubble and crack at both magnetic accumulation. Defects exceeding more, see Figure 4. (A) Bubble diagram of Co) powder packing diagram after testing (c) crack detection process bubble diagram of Figure 4 Schematic of the foregoing, the chemical composition of the initial recognition of qualified steel: To observe the microstructure and the same batch of specimens after forging gear blank look no heat, burning signs; gear machining process to normal: bubbling in the coarse and fine ~ Jn-F are different circular cross section appears: flaw detection at significant magnetic bubble and excessive accumulation of more defects; drum crack under the bubble after the presentation by the acid of varying lengths for the irregular linear. 3 Analysis of the phenomenon in machining processes have never seen. Therefore, based on the analysis in the field, access to a lot of information. Also with the relevant experts to conduct in-depth study, that this is typical of existing steel bubble defects. Turning now bubbling are basically two reasons: first, because the possible segregation in the vicinity of the bubble; the second is the existence of the metal solution may be the heterogeneity of gas particles precipitated core. Therefore, the bubble is also often observed in the vicinity of inclusions. Because the segregation and inclusions than the hardness of the matrix, so turning the bubble at the relatively difficult ~ Jn-F, visible bubble formation phenomenon 131. Ingot rolling inside the bubble can generally be forged in the heat ~ Jn-Ft ~ welded together. Ingot skin and the air bubble may be connected with the oxidation occurs, it can not be rolled forging welding thermal processing, and become hot forging along the rolling direction ~ Ja-F elongation of linear cracks remain in the internal steel. Even if the skin is not connected with air bubbles oxidation. However, close to the ingot surface, thermal processing in the rolling forging easily broken when leaving cracks in steel. But the cracks in the surface easy to remove. Hidden inside the bubble in the ingot is not absolute in the forging can be welded together, especially when the comparison hours difficult than forging welding. Only to be crushed to form the internal crack is not exposed. This case should be forging ingots of air pockets in the process is not fully left in the steel during welding defects I41. This situation is rare in actual production. The literature that the causes of bubbling are: in the smelting and forging process parameters is not strictly controlled,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], resulting in high gas content in steel. Resulting in rough surface muster forging many small bubbles, to cut open a small crack appears after pickling, in fact, the bubble is not the result of welding. This analysis is consistent with the above reasons,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the steel has to be recognized. MEASURE 4 ingots and forged within the bubble is more than enough 20CrMnTi spiral bevel gear machine ~ Jn-F are two main reasons for the phenomenon of circular bubble, which, the supplier shall do the following: ① steel should be strictly controlled Smelting process parameters, increasing the proportion of sampling. Eliminate the problem of the steel factory; ② Forging billets purchased the necessary response to the review, according to Quality of steel technology to ensure the strict implementation of forging quality, and increased after the forging of a testing process Rough; ③ Ultrasonic processing side should be strengthened testing personnel training. Rough car on the sampling done by batch testing gear inspection, appeared to eliminate waste volume; ④ Forge, processing party shall ingot furnace number of production management. To facilitate traceability of product quality. References: l】【Chen and. Defects in steel [M】. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 1966. 【2】 defects of metallic materials 【M】. Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1975. 【3】 Geng-Xiang Hu, Silver rhizosphere. 【M】 Metallurgy. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1980. 【4】 Chen and. 【M】 steel defects. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1977. 【5】 Yoshida Hang. Measures to prevent heat waste 【M】. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1979. Tin \
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